Shedding Light on Cataract Surgery: Procedure, Risks, and Post-Surgery Care

As we age, our eyes naturally change; a common change is the development of cataracts. These cloudy areas develop in the lens of the eye, which can cause blurry vision, glare, and difficulty seeing at night.

You may wonder if surgery is the right option if you have cataracts. This article examines the different cataract surgical procedures, their risks, and post-surgery care recommendations. We will address frequently asked questions about the cost of cataract surgery in Malaysia.

What is cataract surgery?

Cataract surgery treats cataracts, which are cloudy areas that develop within the eye's lens. Cataracts may be caused by ageing, genetics, medical conditions like diabetes, and even eye injuries.

As they progress, cataracts can often lead to blurry vision, difficulty seeing in low light as well as sensitivity to glare. Fortunately, cataracts may be treated by removing the cloudy lens. In fact, cataract surgery is the only treatment option available for removing cataracts and regaining clear vision.

Types of cataract surgery

There are three key types of cataract surgery:

• Phacoemulsification is a common type of cataract surgery. It is a minimally invasive procedure that utilises ultrasound waves in breaking up the cloudy lens, removing it, and then replacing it with an intraocular lens (IOL) implant. The implant serves as a permanent replacement.

• Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) employs a laser to create tiny incisions in the eye and break up the cloudy lens.

• Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) is more of a traditional type of cataract surgery that entails making a larger incision in the eye to remove a cloudy lens carefully. Subsequently, the rest of the lens is usually removed by suction.

 

 

Overall, the exact type of cataract surgery recommended by an Ophthalmologist typically depends on the type of cataract and the patient's specific needs.

Who needs cataract surgery?

People whose cataracts have significantly impaired their vision that makes daily tasks like reading, driving, or recognising faces difficult require cataract surgery. If your cataracts are interfering with your quality of life and hindering your ability to perform daily tasks, you should consider surgery to remove them.

Benefits of cataract surgery

Cataract surgery is a very effective procedure that can restore your vision. Most people who have cataract surgery experience significant improvement in their vision. In fact, a study by the American Academy of Ophthalmology found that 95% of people who had cataract surgery were satisfied with their results.

Patients often experience improved vision, enhanced colour perception, and reduced sensitivity to glare. Thus the surgery dramatically improves the overall quality of life and enables individuals to regain their independence and enjoy daily activities with clarity.

Cataract surgery procedure: What to expect?

Having to go through surgery may be worrisome. However, knowing what to expect before, during and after the procedure might alleviate some concerns.

Before the Surgery

Before the cataract surgery, your eye doctor will conduct a thorough eye examination to assess the severity of the cataracts and determine the appropriate IOL power for your eyes.

You must share your medical history and medications to ensure a safe and successful surgery. Also, antibiotic eye drops may be prescribed before the surgery to prevent infections.

During the Procedure

Cataract surgery is usually performed on an outpatient basis, meaning you can return home on the same day. Local anaesthesia is administered to numb the eye, ensuring you remain comfortable during the procedure.

A small incision in the eye will be made by the surgeon to remove the cloudy lens, and implant the IOL. The incision is so tiny that stitches are often unnecessary.

After the Procedure

Following cataract surgery, you will be taken to a recovery area, where a medical team will carefully monitor your condition. It is normal to experience mild discomfort or itching in the eye, but these sensations should subside with time.

You may need to wear an eye shield or protective patch for a short period,  especially at night, to prevent accidental eye rubbing.

How long does it take to recover from cataract surgery?

Cataract surgery recovery time may vary from one person to another, but most individuals can resume daily activities within a few days after the procedure. However, complete healing and optimal visual improvement may take a few weeks.

If your eyes feel scratchy, watery or sticky after surgery, reach out to your doctor for specific instructions on how to care for your eye and utilise the prescribed eye drops. And while most people may experience improved vision a few days after surgery, others may take several weeks to achieve clear vision.

Furthermore, ensure to go for your follow-up appointments. Your doctor will monitor your healing progress and ensure proper recovery. Generally, following your doctor's instructions regarding post-operative care is essential for a smooth recovery process.              

Cataract surgery complications

As with any medical procedure, cataract surgery carries some underlying risks, although they are relatively rare. Complications may include infection, inflammation, bleeding, retinal detachment, or increased intraocular pressure.

However, advancements in surgical techniques and technology have significantly minimised these risks. Your eye surgeon will discuss potential complications before the procedure.

Cataract surgery aftercare

After cataract surgery, taking proper care of your eyes is crucial to promote healing and prevent complications. Here are some essential tips for post-cataract surgery aftercare:

• Use eye drops: Your doctor will prescribe eye drops to prevent infection and reduce inflammation. Follow the recommended dosage and application schedule.

• Avoid rubbing the eyes: Refrain from touching or rubbing your eyes to avoid injury to the healing incision.

• Protect your eyes from sunlight: Wear sunglasses with UV protection when outdoors to shield your eyes from harmful ultraviolet rays.

• Limit strenuous activities: Avoid activities that may strain your eyes or involve heavy lifting for a few weeks after surgery.

• Attend follow-up appointments: Regularly attend post-operative check-ups as scheduled by your eye doctor to monitor your progress and address any concerns.

 

 

How much does cataract surgery cost in Malaysia?

The cost of cataract surgery in Malaysia varies depending on factors such as the type of IOL used and the facility where the surgery is performed.

On average, the cost of cataract surgery in Malaysia ranges from RM 3,000 to RM 10,000 per eye, according to BlogMalaysia. However, it is essential to note that costs can differ among different clinics and regions.

Insurance for cataract surgery

Considering the potential costs associated with cataract surgery, having health insurance can be a prudent choice. Medical plans that cover cataract surgery can provide financial support and alleviate the burden of the procedure's expenses.

Prudential’s PRUMy Medical Plus is a comprehensive health insurance plan that includes coverage for cataract surgery. You can explore their offerings to find a plan that suits your needs and budget.

Additionally, statistics on cataract claims from Prudential's claims payout report for January to December 2022 show that a total of RM53,053,000 was paid out for treating cataracts, with an average payout of RM9,131. Read more about Prudential’s 2023 Claims Payout here.

FAQ

How painful is cataract surgery?

Cataract surgery is generally not painful due to local anaesthesia, which numbs the eye. Patients may experience some discomfort, mild pressure, or itching during the procedure, but it is not typically described as painful.

Is cataract surgery a major operation?

While cataract surgery is considered a surgical procedure, it is relatively minor and performed on an outpatient basis. Most patients can return home the same day after the surgery.

What activities should be avoided after cataract surgery?

After cataract surgery, avoiding strenuous activities like swimming, gardening, driving, heavy lifting, and rubbing the eyes is advisable. Follow your doctor's instructions on any specific activities to avoid during recovery.

How long do I need to wear dark glasses outside after undergoing cataract surgery?

Wearing dark glasses with UV protection outdoors is recommended for a few weeks after cataract surgery. They work to shield the eyes from sunlight and promote healing.

How long does cataract surgery take?

The actual surgical procedure typically takes around 15 to 30 minutes per eye. However, the total time spent in the clinic or hospital may be longer due to pre-operative preparations and post-operative monitoring.

Conclusion

Cataract surgery is an effective procedure that can restore clear vision and significantly improve your quality of life. For the most part, cataract surgery is an outpatient procedure performed with local anaesthesia and light intravenous sedation.

By understanding the cataract surgery procedure, potential risks, post-surgery care, and recovery process, you can make informed decisions about your eye health. Always consult your Ophthalmologist for personalised advice and recommendations tailored to your unique needs.

Whether you're considering cataract surgery or have already undergone the procedure, regular eye check-ups and adherence to post-operative care guidelines will help maintain your vision for years.